The
database lists information on all
PPP projects in India. The database on a
particular PPP project will essentially
provide data on
Project information,
Bidding information,
Project benefits and costs,
Legal instruments and
Financial information
Development and use of PPPs for delivering infrastructure services has now at least 11 years of precedence in India, with the
majority of projects coming in line in the last 5 to 7 years. Policies in favor of attracting private participation as well as innovation with
different structures have met with varying degrees of success. Some sectors like telecommunications, power, and ports and roads,
have done very good progress compared to limited success in other sectors.
Some states have undertaken far more PPPs than others, and there has been a much heavier use of PPPs in some sectors. As far
as current status of projects is concerned, as per our database, there have been 758 PPP projects in our main sectors of focus
where a contract has been awarded and projects are underway in the sense that they are either operational, have reached
construction stage, or at least construction/implementation is imminent. The total project cost is estimated to be about Rs. 383,332.06 Crore.
S T A T E
W I S E F
I G U R E S
States
Total Number
of Projects
based on
value of
contracts
Total Number
of Projects
Based on 100
crore
Between 100
to 250 crore
Between 251
to 500 crore
More than
500
crore
Value of
contacts
Andhra
Pradesh
96
1484.6
2197.8
7,062.3
56,173.7
66,918.3
Assam
4
54.0
337.2
-
-
391.2
Bihar
6
77.6
-
769.6
1,246.7
2,093.8
Chandigarh
2
75.0
-
-
-
75.0
Chhattisgarh
4
70.0
304.0
464.0
0
838.0
Delhi
13
95.0
109.4
738.2
10374.0
11316.6
Goa
2
30.0
220.0
-
-
250.0
Gujarat
63
304.1
2,013.2
4,138.9
33,181.0
39,637.2
Haryana
10
125.0
180.0
270.0
10,588.1
11,163.1
Jammu and Kashmir
3
-
-
-
6,319.8
6,319.8
Jharkhand
9
131.0
550.0
398.0
625.1
1,704.1
Karnataka
104
1,080.4
1,942.6
13,136.3
28,499.6
44,658.9
Kerala
32
338.7
206.3
1,235.0
20,501.5
22,281.5
Madhya
Pradesh
86
1,977.6
3,930.3
3,397.2
5,678.3
14,983.4
Maharashtra
78
742.3
2,988.4
2,433.7
39,427.6
45,592.0
Meghalaya
2
-
226.1
-
536.0
762.1
Orissa
27
235.1
211.0
1,473.0
11,430.6
13,349.7
Pudducherry
2
-
-
419.0
2,947.8
3,366.8
Punjab
29
732.8
1,552.7
572.0
705.0
3,562.5
Rajasthan
59
633.9
783.8
1,100.8
12,508.8
15,027.3
Sikkim
24
175.6
558.0
2669.0
13708.0
17110.6
Tamil Nadu
43
267.9
355.6
8,905.2
9,100.0
18,628.6
Uttar
Pradesh
14
-
-
1,458.6
25,137.2
26,595.8
Uttarakhand
2
43.0
-
478.0
-
521.0
West Bengal
30
638.0
965.7
1,714.4
3,299.1
6,617.1
Inter-State
14
160.5
195.0
2,474.4
6,738.0
9,567.8
Total
758
9,471.9
19,826.9
55,307.5
298,725.8
383,332.1
S E C T O R
W I S E F
I G U R E S
Sector
Total Number
of Projects
Based on 100
crore
Between 100
to 250 crore
Between 251
to 500 crore
More than
500 crore
Value of
contacts
Airports
5
-
-
303.0
18808.0
19111.0
Education
17
424.2
365.5
460.0
600.0
1,849.7
Energy
56
337.6
934.0
3,083.0
62,890.0
67,244.6
Health Care
8
315.0
343.0
275.0
900.0
1,833.0
Ports
61
86.0
1,745.3
4,304.8
74,902.1
81,038.2
Railways
4
-
102.2
873.0
594.3
1,569.6
Roads
405
4,364.6
11,696.5
38,520.5
122,143.3
176,724.9
Tourism
50
1,132.6
1,503.5
800.0
1,050.0
4,486.1
Urban
Development
152
2,812.0
3,136.9
6,688.2
16,838.0
29,475.0
Total
758
9,471.9
19,826.9
55,307.5
298,725.8
383,332.1
We see that road projects account for 53.4% of the total number of projects and 46% by total value because of the small average
size of projects. Ports though account for 8% of the total number of projects have a larger average size of project and contribute
21% in terms of total value. It is noteworthy that if ports and central road projects are excluded from the total, there is in fact a
relatively small value of deal flow, at only Rs 125,568.93 Crores in basic infrastructure PPPs to date, suggesting a significant
potential upside for PPP projects across sectors where states and municipalities have primary responsibility. It is observed that the
potential use of PPPs in e-governance and health and education sectors remains largely untapped across India as a whole, though
off-late there have been some activities shaping in these sectors.
Across states and central agencies, the leading users of PPPs by number of projects have been Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and
Madhya Pradesh, with 104, 96 and 86 awarded projects respectively and the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI), with
about 155 projects. In terms of main types of PPP contracts, almost all contracts have been of the BOT/BOOT type (either toll or
annuity payment models) or close variants.
In terms of approach to provider selection, almost all the projects in the sample were competitively bid (either national or
international competitive bidding) with the negotiated ones (through MOUs) primarily coming from the railway PPP projects, which
is understood given the lack of clear policy framework and standard contracts till date. In terms of contract award method the
domestic Competitive Bidding yielded 83.9% of total investment in India followed by International Competitive Bidding with 11%.
S E C T O R
W I S E C O N T R A C T
A W A R D M E T H O D
Sectors
Total Number
of Projects
Total Number
of Projects Based on contract award method
Domestic Competitive Bidding
International
Competitive Bidding
Negotiated
MOU
Unsolicited
Value of
Contracts
(Rs. Crore)
Airports
5
-
18,808.0
-
-
19,111.0
Education
17
620.3
25.0
-
-
1,849.7
Energy
56
10,205.0
555.0
16,014.6
-
67,244.6
Health Care
8
275.0
217.0
16,014.6
-
1,833.0
Ports
61
7,536.8
26,569.4
36,249.0
4,150.0
81,038.2
Railways
4
696.6
-
873.0
-
1,569.6
Roads
405
71,489.5
76,340.7
1,259.2
-
176,724.9
Tourism
50
2,254.1
1,127.3
-
-
4,486.1
Urban Development
152
8,239.7
11,359.1
275.0
119.0
29,475.0
Total
758
101,316.9
135,001.6
54,670.8
4,269.0
383,332.1
The primary reason for project being implemented through PPP has qualitative benefits accrued from the project, it is seen that if
these decisions are based on clear value-for money calculations for the conceding authority, there is relatively less information
available in terms of actual contracts used.
